GURUKULAM, KUTIPPALLIKOODAM, PATASALA AND FORMAL SCHOOLS IN INDIA

GURUKULAM, KUTIPPALLIKOODAM, PATASALA AND FORMAL SCHOOLS.

GURUKULAM :

Gurukulam is the oldest educational institution in India. In the Gurukula system the students lived in the house of the Guru and receive education. A ceremony called Upanayana was performed before the child was taken to his Guru. The student stayed with Guru for 12 years. Admission of the students was based on moral fitness. The subjects taught in the Gurukula includes providing knowledge on spiritual as well as materialistic such as Vedas, Vedic Grammar, Knowledge of Gods, Knowledge of Ghosts, Astronomy, Logic, Philosophy, Ethics, etc. Only the unmarried become the students in Gurukula. The method of teaching was verbal, and lecture method is commonly used.

KUTIPPALLIKOODAM

      Kutippallikoodm is another oldest educational institution prevailed in India. This type of institutions were existed before 19nth century. The main aim of this type of institutions was to give education for all type of peoples. These were controlled by the common man for their children. Each village had minimum one kutippallikoodam, and it has one teacher named ‘Ashan’.  He has no fixed salary. He got salary in the form of gifts and food items from the student’s parents. Ashan taught different aged childrens under one roof. Oral way of teaching was firstly used. After that the child will learn about alphabets and numbers.  There after they will write the contents one sand and on palm leaf. After that they will learn subjects like Astrology, Medicine, Ethics, etc. These institutions have no financial assistance from the Govt.

PATASALA / VEDAPATASALA

      These educational institutions are mainly aimed to teach the peoples under the community Namboothiris. The main aim of patasala is to give Religious education. There are two type of patasalas Vedapatasala and Sabha Mads.  The aim of Vedapatasala is to give primary education on religious education. Sabha mads given importance to the Religious and Philosophical higher education. Reading and Understanding Vedas, Vedic Grammar, Astrology, Logic, Ethics, etc. were the different subjects taught in these schools.

FORMAL SCHOOLS

      Formal schools are those place where a definite curriculum is taught to children during a definite duration of time by definite teachers. Formal schools preserves , purifies and transmit the culture. It serves as a connecting link between home and society. It plays a greater role in  the development of personality of a child. In Formal schools training is provided in certain technical skills like reading, writing, drawing, doing numerical calculations, etc. In formal schools subjects to be taught were highly structured and these  include subjects such as history, geography, political science, psychology, economics, sociology , science, etc. There will be fixed time schedule for the starting and closing of schooling. And the subjects were taught based on pre - planned time tables. The main motto of Formal schools is to make the child as professionals.